![]() ![]() ![]() Read more about some of the women and men who followed in their footsteps on the Academy's Books, Health, and History blog. Their extraordinary achievements-accomplished in a country divided by slavery and racial strife-paved the way for generations of African American physicians and nurses. In 1908, Mahoney would co-found the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses. In nursing, Mary Eliza Mahoney broke new ground as the first African American to work as a professionally trained nurse in the United States after graduating nursing school in 1879. McCune would return to the United States from Scotland to care for patients in New York City and Brooklyn for 20 years and become the country’s first African American pharmacist. The 1883 text was the first medical reference written by an African American. At the age of 18, she decided to pursue a career in nursing, working at the progressive New England Hospital for Women and Children. Nurse Mahoney was the first officially recognized trained nurse in the US who was a Woman of Color. Mary Eliza Mahoney, Nurse (18451926) Why she’s wonderful: Mary Eliza Mahoney was one of the first black registered nurses in the US and fought to ensure that she and other black female nurses received the respect they deserved. That’s not a picture of Rebecca Lee CrumplerThat’s Mary Eliza Mahoney, the first Black Nurse. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (18311895) was the first black woman in the US. Born in Delaware in 1831 to Absolum Davis and Matilda Webber. She studied in the New England Female Medical College and became the first African American woman to become a doctor in the United States. Rebecca Lee Crumpler was the medical pioneer of her time, the first African American woman to earn a degree in medicine as a physician. Rebecca Lee was an American Physician, nurse and author. She was born in Boston, on May 7, 1845, the oldest of three children. Some confuse photos of Mary Eliza Mahoney with Dr. Lee Crumpler is the first Black woman to have received the degree of medical doctor in the United States of America. She was the first African American woman to become a physician in the United states and author of A Book of Medical Discourses. Mary Eliza Mahoney was the first black professional nurse in America, and an active organizer among African American nurses. When James McCune Smith graduated at the top of his class with a doctorate in medicine from the University of Glasgow (he was not allowed to attend medical school in the United States) in the early 1800s, he became the first of many African American medical pioneers, such as Rebecca Davis Lee Crumpler.
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